The Quran On Mountains
 
 
Professor Siaveda is one of the best-known marine geologists from Japan. He is also one of the most famous scientists in the world. He was asked about mountains and whether they were firmly rooted in the earth. He replied and said: “The fundamental difference between continental mountains and the oceanic mountains lies in its material. Continental mountains are made essentially by sediments, whereas the oceanic mountains are made of volcanic rocks. Continental mountains were formed by compressional forces, whereas the oceanic mountains were formed by extensional forces. But the common denominator on both mountains is that they have roots to support the mountains. In the case of continental mountains, light-low density material from the mountain is extended down into the earth as a root. In the case of oceanic mountains, there is also light material supporting the mountain as a root. From the viewpoint of densities, they are doing the same job of supporting the mountains. Therefore, the function of the roots is to support the mountains according to the law of Archimedes.” 
 
Professor Siaveda described the shape of all mountains, whether they are on land or in the sea, as being in the shape of a wedge. Could anyone during the time of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) have known of the shape of these mountains? Could anyone have imagined that the solid massive mountain that he sees before him actually extends deep into the earth and has a root, as scientists assure? A large number of geography books, when discussing mountains, only describe that part which is on the surface of the earth. This is because they are not written by specialists in geology. However, modern science informs us about it and God says in the Quran: «"Have We not made the earth as a bed, and the mountains as pegs?"» (Quran, 78:6-7) 
 
We asked Professor Sievada whether the mountains have a function in establishing the crust of the earth. He said that this has not yet been discovered and established by scientists. In view of the reply, we searched and inquired about this and we found out that many geologists gave the same reply, except for a few. Among those few are the authors of this book, entitled “The Earth.” This book is considered as a basic reference text in many universities throughout the world. One of the authors of this book is Dr. Frank Press. He is currently the president of the Academy of Sciences in U.S.A. Previously, he was science advisor to former U.S. president Jimmy Carter. What does he say in his book? He illustrates the mountains in a wedge-like shape, where the mountain itself is but a small part of the whole, whose root is deeply entrenched in the ground. Dr. Press writes on the functions of the mountains and states that they play an important role in stabilizing the crust of the earth. 
 
This is exactly how the Quran described mountains 14 centuries ago. God said: «"And the mountains has He firmly fixed."» (Quran 79:32)

«"And He has set up on the earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with you."» (Quran 16:15) 
 
But who could have informed Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) about this? We asked Professor Siaveda this question: “What is your opinion on what you have seen in the Quran and the Sunnah with regard to the secrets of the universe, which scientists only discovered now?” His answer was: “I think it seems to me very, very mysterious -almost unbelievable. I really think if what you have said is true, the book is really a very remarkable book.” 
 
Yes, what can scientists say? They cannot attribute the knowledge contained in the Quran to human beings or to any scientific authority in our times, because all scientists were unaware of all these secrets. Moreover, all humanity could not have any explanation except to attribute that knowledge to some Divine force. The Quran is a true revelation from God, which He sent to His servant, the unlettered Prophet Muhammad, whom God has made an everlasting sign escorting humanity until the Last Hour.